
Ornamentation in Books and Manuscripts
a. Graphic (non-texual) Ornamentation (see also the Glossary)
- Zastavka (Ventsy) – an engraved image at the beginning of a chapter (a "header")
- Kontsovka – an engraved image at the end of a chapter
- engravings used in the margins together with the numbers of chapters (Chapter 1, 2, etc.)
- other marginalia
- pagination numbers (in pre-Nikonian books the pages are numbered only on right-hand pages)
- final ornaments (swashes and decorative uses of punctuation symbols)
b. Text Ornamentation
- Viaz' – decorative chapter titling (also called Zastavka)
- Bukvitsa – drop-caps
- use of capital letters (to be discussed)
- emphasis (to be discussed)
- marginalia (textual references, alternate word forms, plural or feminine word endings for appropriate substitution, etc.)
- final paragraph tapering and "shaping"