Aaron, Abraham, Absalom, Ammon, Asaph, Babylon, Benjamin, Canaan, Dathan, David, Edom, Edomites, Egypt, Endor, Ephraim, Gebal, Gilead, Hagarenes, Ham, Horeb, Israel, Jabin, Jacob, Jerusalem, Joseph, Judah, Kedar, Levi, Lot, Moab, Moses, Oreb, Rahab, Saul, Sinai, Sisera, Tyre, Zoan
I've listed them here with both the original Hebrew names [transliterated] and the Greek names as they appear in the LXX. I haven't corrected for case; I just pasted the Greek directly into the table. Browsers that can't render Unicode may not display the Greek well.
Psalm | Coverdale | KJV | Greek | Hebrew | Recommendation |
21 | Basan | Bashan | πίονες | Bâshân | fat bulls close me in |
67 | Basan | Bashan | πῖον | Bâshân | A rich mountain is God's mountain, even an high hill, a rich mountain. |
67 | Basan | Bashan | Βασὰν | Bâshân | I will bring my people again as I did from Bashan |
134, 135 | Og the king of Basan | Og king of Bashan | Ὢγ βασιλέα τῆς Βασὰν | Bâshân | Og the king of Bashan * |
*Bashan was a kingdom bordering Israel. Its name in Hebrew refers to rich, brown earth. Where it seemed appropriate the LXX translators kept Bashan as a proper name, but at other times they chose to translate it to the Greek word pion, "rich." Where they chose to retain Bashan as a proper name, we should do the same; otherwise the Greek text indicates the translations above. (It takes an unreasonable amout of eisogesis to arrive at "Butter Mountain" in Ps. 67.) In Psalm 21, Coverdale both represents the Greek translation (fat bulls) and additionally adds of Basan from the Hebrew. | |||||
28, etc | Libanus | Lebanon | Λιβάνου | L'banon | Lebanon |
28 | Sirion | Sirion | ἠγαπημένος | Shiryon | Sirion |
28 | Cades | Kadesh | Κάδης | Qâdesh | Kadesh |
32 | the Lord Jehovah | the LORD | Κύριος | YHVH | the Lord * |
67 | JAH | JAH | Κύριος | Yah | the Lord * |
82 | Jehovah | JEHOVAH | Κύριος | YHVH | the Lord * |
*The invented word Jehovah is a modern western European thing, foreign to the LXX tradition, and is offensive to the Jews as well (they pronounce YHVH as "Adonoi" or "Lord.") The LXX translators consistently represented YHVH and variants as Kyrios; the Lord. Western translators have used a middle approach - translating YHVH as the LORD (all caps) to indicate that the underlying word is not "Adonoi," but this is foreign to the LXX text. | |||||
47, etc | Sion | Zion | Σιών | Tsiyon | Sion |
*The Hebrew TS sound is often transliterated into Greek as S (as in Gk. Masada from Heb. M'tsâdâh.) The LXX translators chose in all cases to transliterate Tsiyon as Sion. (Zion, in German, reproduces the Hebrew pronunciation.) Here I side with Coverdale and the Greek Sion against the KJV Zion. | |||||
55 | n/a | Philistines | ἀλλόφυλοι | P'lishti | Philistines* |
82 | Philistines | Philistines | ἀλλόφυλοι | P'lesheth | Philistines* |
59, 86 107 | Philistia | Philistia | ἀλλόφυλοι | P'lesheth | Philistia* |
*"Philistines" - Hebrew P'lishti - is not really a proper noun; it means "immigrants" or "sojourners." (The Philistines were a Semitic people - Phoenicians or kin to them - who came to live in Canaan. Hebrew P'lesheth is literally [the land] of the sojourners.) The LXX translators didn't transliterate P'lishti as a name, but translated it into Gk. allophyloi, or "other peoples." So Philistines/Philistia is not an ideal English translation for literalness - but it is our English name for the people referred to consistently in the LXX as allophyloi. | |||||
59, 107 | Sichem | Shechem | Σίκιμα | Sh'kem | Shechem |
59, 107 | Succoth | Succoth | σκηνῶν | Sukoth | and mete out the valley of tabernacles * |
*The LXX translates Hebrew sukoth with Greek skhnh, an equivalent word likewise meaning tabernacles, tents. | |||||
59, 107 | Manasses | Manasseh | Μανασσῆ | M'nashsheh | Manasseh |
67 | Salmon | Salmon | Σελμών | Tsalmon | Selmon |
67 | Zabulon | Zebulun | Ζαβουλών | Zebulun | Zebulun |
67 | Nephthali | Naphtali | Νεφθαλείμ | Naftali | Naphtali |
67 | Morians' land | Ethiopia | Αἰθιοπία | Kush | Ethiopia |
71 | Tharsis | Tarshish | Θαρσὶς | Tarshish | Tarshish |
71 | Arabia | Sheba | Ἀράβων | Sh'ba | Arabia |
71 | Saba | Seba | Σαβᾶ | S'ba | Saba |
73 | mighty waters | mighty waters | ποταμοὺς Ἠθάμ | nâhâr ethân | Thou driedst up the rivers of Etham * |
The Hebrew literally reads "perpetual rivers" or "ever-flowing streams." But the LXX translators chose to leave ethân untranslated, making it a proper name | |||||
77 | Silo | Shiloh | Σιλώμ | Shiloh | Shiloh |
82 | Ismaelites | Ishmaelites | Ἰσμαηλῖται | Ishmaeli | Ishmaelites |
82 | Asshur | Assur | Ἀσσοὺρ | Asshur | Asshur |
82 | Madianites | Midianites | Μαδιὰμ | Midyan | Midianites |
82 | Kison | Kishon | Κεισών· | Kishon | Kishon |
82 | Zeb | Zeeb | Ζὴβ | Z'eb | Zeb |
82 | Zeba | Zebah | Ζεβεὲ | Zabach | Zeba |
82 | Salmana | Zalmunna | Σαλμανὰ | Tsalmunna | Salmana |
86 | Tyre | Tyre | Τύρος | Tsor | Tyre |
86 | Morians | Ethiopia | Αἰθιόπων | Kush | Ethiopia |
105 | Abiram | Abiram | Ἀβειρών· | Abiram | Abiram |
105 | Baal-peor | Baalpeor | Βεελφεγὼρ | Ba'al P'or | Baalpeor |
109 | Melchisedech | Melchizedek | Μελχισεδέκ | Malki Tsedeq | Melchizedek |
119 | to dwell with Mesech | I sojourn in Mesech | ἡ παροικία μου ἐμακρύνθη | Meshek | My sojourning is prolonged (The Greek and Hebrew texts differ here.) |
131 | Ephrata | Ephratah | Ἐφραθᾷ | 'Ephrathah | Ephratah |
132 | Hermon | Hermon | Ἀερμὼν | Chermon | Hermon |
134, 135 | Sehon king of the Amorites | Sihon king of the Amorites | Σηὼν βασιλέα τῶν Ἀμοῤῥαίων | 'Emori | Amorites |
Most of these entries are from the Greek superscriptions, which are not properly part of Coverdale's translation. I added the superscriptions to our text based on those in Brenton, without paying much attention to spelling, as I assumed names should be dealt with later, all at once for the sake of consistency.
Psalm | Coverdale | KJV | Greek | Hebrew | Recommendation |
7 | (No superscription) | Cush the Benjamite. | Χουσὶ υἱοῦ Ἰεμενεί | Kush | Cush the Benjamite |
33 | (No superscription) | Abimelech | Ἀβιμέλεχ | Abimelek | Abimelech |
38, etc | (No superscription) | Jeduthun | Ἰδιθούν | Y'duthun | Jeduthun |
41, etc | (No superscription) | Korah | Κορέ | Qorach | Korah |
50 | (No superscription) | Nathan | Νάθαν | Nâthân | Nathan |
50 | (No superscription) | Bathsheba | Βηρσαβεέ | Bath Sheba | Bathsheba |
51 | (No superscription) | Doeg the Edomite | Δωὴκ τὸν Ἰδουμαῖον | Doeg Edomi | Doeg the Edomite |
51 | (No superscription) | Ahimelech | Ἀβιμέλεχ | Achimelek | Ahimelech |
52, 87 | (No superscription) | Mahalath | μαελέθ· | Machalath | Mahalath |
53 | (No superscription) | Ziphims | Ζιφαίους | Zifi | Ziphites |
55 | (No superscription) | Gath | Γέθ | Gath | Gath |
59 | (No superscription) | Aramnaharaim | Μεσοποταμίαν Συρίας | 'Aram Naharayim |
Mesopotamia of Syria* |
59 | (No superscription) | Aramzobah | Συρίαν Σοβά | 'Aram Tsobâh | Syrian Zobah * |
*cf. Boston "Mesopotamia of Syria and Syrian Zobah"; Brenton "Mesopotamia of Syria, and Syrian Sobal". 'Aram is a Hebrew name for Syria (Hence the Syriac language is called Aramaic.) Hebrew 'Aram Naharayim literally Syria of the rivers. Greek Syria between the rivers, or Syrian Mesopotamia. Hebrew 'Aram Tsobâh literally Syria of Zobah (a portion of Syria which in the times of Saul, David, and Solomon formed a separate kingdom northeast of Damascus). | |||||
59 | (No superscription) | Joab | Ἰωάβ | Yoab | Joab |
70 | (No superscription) | (No superscription) | Ἰωναδὰβ | Elsewhere: Yânadab | Jonadab (cf. 2 Sam 13) |
75 | (No superscription) | Neginoth | Ἀσσύριον | Neginath | A song for the Assyrian |
79 | (No superscription) | Shoshannimeduth | Ἀσσυρίου | Shoshannim eduth | A psalm concerning the Assyrian (Hebrew lit. Lilies of Testimony) |
87 | (No superscription) | Heman the Ezrahite. | Αἰμὰν τῷ Ἰσραηλίτῃ. | Heman Ezrachi | Heman the Israelite |
88 | (No superscription) | Ethan the Ezrahite. | Αἰθὰμ τῷ Ἰσραηλίτῃ. | Ethan Ezrâchi | Ethan the Israelite |
136 | (No superscription) | (No superscription) | Ἱερεμίου | Elsewhere: Yirm'yahu | Jeremiah |
137, etc | (No superscription) | (No superscription) | Ἀγγαίου | (Nothing corresponds) | Haggai |
137, etc | (No superscription) | (No superscription) | Ζαχαρίου | Elsewhere: Z'karyahu | Zechariah |
143 | (No superscription) | (No superscription) | Γολιάδ | Goliath |